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What Cylinder Head To Use For Best Performance With 2.3L Block?


lookforjoe

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That valve is from a 96 Volvo 850 Turbo Exhaust side.

The Exhaust valves from 94-96 on the turbo's are all identical but intake changed in 96 but still has the same single seat cut. I am not 100% sure about the 98's but I have no reason to belive they are any different then the 94-97 turbo heads.

Anyways, I am not saying early heads are better stock vs stock they are not. Even moddified they both have advantages/disadvantages. I am just saying that its not as clear cut as some other people might make it seem. Don't get angry when I bring relevent information to the table and openly share my information with the community.

-Your Pal

Fishey

Nice workplace.

Sorry you misunderstood me. I'm not angry :lol: I've just never seen any actual mods by you that would substantiate the theoretical knowledge you clearly have in your possession. I have no engineering background, I rely on information & practical applications of people who've been there before for my mods. And some trial & error of course!

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I think what we need is someone who's thinking of swapping a newer head onto an earlier motor (Hussein) to do a before and after dyno pull. Dyno your current setup as a baseline. Swap the head and get it dialed in with TT, and see what kind of gains (or losses :o ) can be had with the vvt head.

You like how easy it is for me to spend your money? :lol:

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I think what we need is someone who's thinking of swapping a newer head onto an earlier motor (Hussein) to do a before and after dyno pull. Dyno your current setup as a baseline. Swap the head and get it dialed in with TT, and see what kind of gains (or losses :o ) can be had with the vvt head.

You like how easy it is for me to spend your money? :lol:

Yeah - thanks for that! :rolleyes:

I want to get it dyno'd to see what difference the modded 20g has made. I may not get the head on until the summer, so at the very least I'll dyno at Carlisle in May, if it doesn't happen before then..

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So to swap a newer head onto an older block, you need to:

Use newer style headgasket

Delete VVT or use a controller

Modify intake manifold ports

Switch to COP or add a distributor

Modify accessory rack

Retune for the change in VE

Is that about it without re-reading the entire post?

What about the upper torque mount and bracket?

Are the cam sensors the same?

Possible modification to the new head for the correct coolant flow and if so what year heads require this?

Anything else?

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So to swap a newer head onto an older block, you need to:

Use newer style headgasket

Delete VVT or use a controller

Modify intake manifold ports

Switch to COP or add a distributor

Modify accessory rack

Retune for the change in VE

Is that about it without re-reading the entire post?

What about the upper torque mount and bracket?

Are the cam sensors the same?

Possible modification to the new head for the correct coolant flow and if so what year heads require this?

Anything else?

according to Johann

Use earlier t/stat housing

Use later torque mount

modify early cam sensor and/or torque mount bracket to fit early cam sensor

No mods to head that I could read in his description, may need to block off coolant passage on left side of head used for PTC/manifold union?

I'm also wondering about all the plastic covers - can the -98 be modified to fit, or do we need to source later covers? Since I'll be deleting the VVT hubs, I would hope the flat early cover will still fit, but I have no clue.

I'll take plenty of pics when I do mine. It would be nice if someone who's already done this would make a simple list :D

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As above use the later upper engine bracket. When fitting older plug leads and distributer arrangement you need to remove a slight lip inside the plug well/recess for the leads to fit as OE older heads (but they still fit without mods)unless you have a COP sorted ecu. You can use the newer T-stat housing as it is smaller and looks tidier but the hose position will be different so the older housing is a better option. Use a Head gasket from an OE 2001 on T5 with 81mm pistons unless you have gone larger on the pistons then you will need a gasket to suit. Cam sensor will fit. You may need to retap the intake cam to fit the Distributer setup but I never had to on the 2.4 T5 head. Orientate the cams properly and lock them to tighten solid pulley's when locked by the centre bolt.

Has anyone actually got the correct Volumetric effeciency flow values for various volvo heads or it down to your own findings on flow benches? I have some results for my head but they will change when porting and polishing is carried out along with valve seat shape changes.

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2001 B5234T3 turbo

Intake valve length and lift

104.25mm + or - .25 mm 8.40mm lift

Exhaust valve length and lift

103.30mm + or - .25mm 9.05mm lift

spring length for both 45.1mm + 1.5mm or - .5mm

NOTE: B5244T3 engines had 8.45mm lift on the intake! (LPT from 2001-2003)

The only option for me to get a better intake cam is to get a cam from a B5244T3, )

The head I have coming is dual VVT, they said removed from a '03 - so, I have to assume it's LPT, based on the revised chart (HPT Dual VVT not out until '05)

99-2000

99 2.3 T5  Single VVT

99 2.4 LPT Single VVT

00 2.4 R   Single VVT
2001-2004
2001-2004 2.3   T5   Single VVT

2001-2004 2.4   LPT  Single VVT

2005-2009 2.4   T5   Dual VVT

2003-2009 2.5   LPT  Dual VVT

2004-2009 2.5   S60R Dual VVT

Sounds like it's a good choice, based on the cam specs.

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I'm also wondering about all the plastic covers - can the -98 be modified to fit, or do we need to source later covers? Since I'll be deleting the VVT hubs, I would hope the flat early cover will still fit, but I have no clue.

This cover could be easily modified to work with a little grinding around the newer style upper engine mount....

2011-01-03_12-07-20_649.jpg

But the smaller cover would take a lot of work, and there are no holes in the cam cover to bolt it to....

2011-01-03_12-03-12_251.jpg

If you could get both top covers installed, and deleted the oversize vvt hub, then possibly the existing front cover would work.

The easiest way would be to get the newer style covers ;) but you would also need the inner and outer t-belt covers too....

2011-01-03_17-11-57_503.jpg

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This cover could be easily modified to work with a little grinding around

Thanks for the pics! Makes it pretty clear that newer covers are needed. Just spoke to Justin & he should should be able to hook me up with at least the upper & outer covers. Also an ME7 manifold to play with :lol:

My head should be here in a week or so.

Picture1-4.png

...then I can get it to the machine shop for overhaul & possible valve modifications, porting . cam cover vents, etc..

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The head I have coming is dual VVT, they said removed from a '03 - so, I have to assume it's LPT, based on the revised chart (HPT Dual VVT not out until '05)

Sounds like it's a good choice, based on the cam specs.

Hussein, only the B5254T2 had dual VVT in 2003, and you are right, that is an LPT engine, the same capacity as the S60R and V70R 2.5 engines. The B5244Tx 2.4 engine still had single VVT in 2003. It probably doesn't matter what year it was, if it has dual VVT, it will be interesting to see how it performs. According to VADIS, the exhaust is able to be varied by 30 degrees, while the intake can be varied by 50 degrees of CRANKSHAFT rotation.

Here is the VADIS description of the function for the VVT. Obviously for emissions, primarily, but also allows better performance as a result. Note that what the VVT does is change the lobe separation of the cams.

DualVVTfunction.gif

What does lobe separation do? Here is an explanation from Crane Cams, big in American iron, but note that with the dual VVT, we can change the lobe separation by as much as 80 degrees!!

"Lobe separation is the distance (in camshaft degrees) that the intake and exhaust lobe centerlines (for a given cylinder) are spread apart. Lobe separation is a physical characteristic of the camshaft and cannot be changed without regrinding the lobes.

This separation determines where peak torque will occur within the engine's power range. Tight lobe separations (such as 106?) cause the peak torque to build early in basic RPM range of the cam. The torque will be concentrated, build quickly and peak out. Broader lobe separations (such as 112?) allow the torque to be spread over a broader portion of the basic RPM range and shows better power through the upper RPM."

Al's NOTE: well, you don't have to regrind the cam if you have VVT. Note that Chrysler added VVT for the VIPER V10 with a very innovative system, and the Ford latest generation overhead cam v8 also has VVT.

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Wouldn't the solid lifters be worth it on their own for someone with a high revving/big turbo application?

in theory yes but i believe Kenny is turning around 7500+ on his t6 with hydro lifters and hasnt had any float yet...

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